Diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties of tick-borne encephalitis – a two case reports
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15584/ejcem.2020.2.10Keywords:
diagnostic, tick borne encephalitis, treatmentsAbstract
Introduction. The paper presents epidemiology, routes of infection, forms of the disease, diagnostic and treatment methods, and prophylaxis of tick-borne encephalitis.
Aim. In this paper, we present two descriptions of the cases of tick-borne encephalitis.
Description of the cases.
Case 1. A 60-year-old man with fever up to 39 degrees for 3 days, multi-site headache and other body aches, as well as an earstuck feeling. The day before hospitalization, there was a feeling of numbness on the right side of the face from eye level to the chin and speech distortion.
Case 2. A 60-year-old patient with headaches and an increase in temperature to 39 degrees for 3 days, who, approximately, three weeks earlier was ticked by a tick in the lower parts of the back.
Conclusion. It is also important for doctors to take a broader view and to make society aware of that Lyme disease is not associated only with Lyme disease. Further work is also needed towards effective treatments for Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE).
Downloads
References
Grzywa A, Karakuła H, Górecka J, Chuchra M. Delusional disorders in the course of tick-born encephalitis and borreliosis in patients with hemophilia A and posttraumatic epilepsy-diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties. Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2004;16(91):60-3.
Mrzljak A, Novak R, Pandak N, et al. Emerging and neglected zoonoses in transplant population. World J Transplant. 2020;10(3):47-63
Černý J, Lynn G, Hrnková J, Golovchenko M, Rudenko N, Grubhoffer L. Management Options for Ixodes ricinus-Associated Pathogens: A Review of Prevention Strategies. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(6). pii: E1830.
Răileanu C, Tauchmann O, Vasić A, Wöhnke E, Silaghi C. Borrelia miyamotoi and Borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato) identification and survey of tick-borne encephalitis virus in ticks from north-eastern Germany. Parasit Vectors. 2020;13(1):106.
Szczepienienia.Info. PZH. https://szczepienia.pzh.gov.pl/szczepionki/kleszczowe-zapalenie-mozgu/.
Ben I, Lozynskyi I. Prevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Ixodes ricinus and Dermacentor reticulatus and Coinfection with Borrelia burgdorferi and Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus in Western Ukraine. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2019;19(11):793-801.
Ocias LF, Dessau RB, Jørgensen CS, Krogfelt KA, Ornstein K. More than just Borrelia? A study of co-infection and etiology in erythema migrans patients from southernmost Sweden. Infect Dis (Lond). 2019;51(8):618-621.
Bogovič P, Lusa L, Korva M, et al. Inflammatory Immune Responses in the Pathogenesis of Tick-Borne Encephalitis. J Clin Med. 2019;8(5). pii: E731.
Růžek D, Dobler G, Mantke OD. Tick-borne encephalitis: Pathogenesis and clinical implications. Travel Med. Infect. Dis. 2010; 8:223–232.
Süss J. Epidemiology and ecology of TBE relevant to the production of eff ective vaccines. Vaccine. 2003; 21(1):19–35.
Baxter A.G. Tick-Borne Encephalitis (TBE, FSME). Vienna, Austria 2008.
Charrel RN, Attoui H, Butenko AM et al. Tick-borne virus diseases of human interest in Europe. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2004;10:1040–1055.
Avšič-Zupanc T, Poljak M, Maticic M. Laboratory acquired tick-borne meningoencephalitis: characterization of virus strains. Clin Diagn Virol. 1995;4:51–59.
Lindquist L, Vapalahti O. Tick borne encephalitis. Lancet. 2008; 371:1861–1871.
Banzhoff A, Bröker M, Zent M. Protection against tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) for people living in and travelling to TBE endemic areas. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2008;6: 331–341.
Bogovic P, Lotric-Furlan S, Strle F. What tick-borne encephalitis may look like: Clinical signs and symptoms. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2010;8:246–250.
Petri E, Gniel D, Zent O. Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) trends in epidemiology and current and future management. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2010;8:233–245.
Haglund M, Günther G. Tick-borne encephalitis-pathogenesis, clinical course and long-term follow-up. Vaccine. 2003;21:11–18.
Schultze D, Dollenmaier G. Rohner A, Guidi T, Cassinotti P. Benefit of detecting tick-borne encephalitis viremia in the first phase of illness. J Clin Virol. 2007;38:172–175.
Figoni J, Chirouze C, Hansmann Y, et al. Lyme borreliosis and other tick-borne diseases. Guidelines from the French Scientific Societies (I): prevention, epidemiology, diagnosis. Med Mal Infect. 2019;49(5):318-334.
Nuttall PA. Tick saliva and its role in pathogen transmission. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2019. doi: 10.1007/s00508-019-1500-y.
Kaiser R, Holzmann H. Laboratory findings in tick-borne encephalitis - correlation with clinical outcome. Infection. 2000;28:78-84.
Chmelik V. Clinical picture of TBE. Zent Bl Bacteriol. 990;57:289.
Boulanger N, Boyer P, Talagrand-Reboul E, Hansmann Y. Ticks and tick-borne diseases. Med Mal Infect. 2019;49(2):87-97.
Yan Hung SK, Hiew FL, Viswanathan S. Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis in Association with Herpes Simplex Virus and Viral and Bacterial Zoonoses. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2019;22(1):102-103.
Vechtova P, Sterbova J, Sterba J, et al. A bite so sweet: the glycobiology interface of tick-host-pathogen interactions. Parasit Vectors. 2018;11(1):594.
Clement J.:Heyman P. PCR for diagnosis of viral infections of the central nervous system. Lancet. 1997;26:349.
Taank V, Zhou W, Zhuang X, Anderson JF, Pal U, Sultana H, Neelakanta G. Characterization of tick organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) upon bacterial and viral infections. Parasit Vectors. 2018;11(1):593.
Mihajlović J, Hovius JWR, Sprong H, Bogovič P, Postma MJ, Strle F. Cost-effectiveness of a potential anti-tick vaccine with combined protection against Lyme borreliosis and tick-borne encephalitis in Slovenia. Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2019;10(1):63-71.
Kubiak K, Sielawa H, Dziekońska-Rynko J, Kubiak D, Rydzewska M, Dzika E. Dermacentor reticulatus ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) distribution in north-eastern Poland: an endemic area of tick-borne diseases. Exp Appl Acarol. 2018;75(3):289-298.
Antony S. Mosquito and Tick-borne Illnesses in the United States. Guidelines for the Recognition and Empiric Treatment of Zoonotic Diseases in the Wilderness. Infect Disord Drug Targets. 2019;19(3):238-257.
Žákovská A, Janeček J, Nejezchlebová H, Kučerová HL. Pilot study of Ixodes ricinus ticks preference for human ABO blood groups using a simple in vitro method. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2018;25(2):326-328.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Our open access policy is in accordance with the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI) definition: this means that articles have free availability on the public Internet, permitting any users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from having access to the Internet itself.
All articles are published with free open access under the CC-BY Creative Commons attribution license (the current version is CC-BY, version 4.0). If you submit your paper for publication by the Eur J Clin Exp Med, you agree to have the CC-BY license applied to your work. Under this Open Access license, you, as the author, agree that anyone may download and read the paper for free. In addition, the article may be reused and quoted provided that the original published version is cited. This facilitates freedom in re-use and also ensures that Eur J Clin Exp Med content can be mined without barriers for the research needs.
