Drugs used in treatment of old people, children and women – current problems
Keywords:
adverse drug reactions, clinical trials, drugs in pregnancyAbstract
Special groups include the elderly, women and children. Each of these groups has particular pharmaceutical needs due to their changing physiology, the spectrum of diseases they face and the fact that they have been neglected during the pharmaceutical development process. While similar issues exist for these groups, other particular needs can also be identified.
Downloads
References
Population database. New York: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division; 2002; http://www.un.org/esa/population/unpop. htm
Thomas EJ, Brennan AT. Incidence and types of preventable adverse events in elderly patients: population-base review of medical records. BMJ 2000; 320 (7237): 741.
Mangoni AA, Jackson SH.: Age-related changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics: basic principles and practical applications, Br J Clin Pharmacol 2004; 57 (1): 6.
Note for guidance on studies of support special populations: geriatrics, London: European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products (EMEA); 1995. Report No.: CPMP/ICH/379/95.
`t Jong GW, Vulto AG, de Hoog M, Schimmel KJM, Tibboel D, van den Anker JN: A survey of the use of offlabel and unlicensed drugs in a Dutch children’s hospital, Pediatrics 2001; 108 (5): 1089.
Conroy S, Choonara I, Impicciatore P, Mohn A, Arnell H, Rane A: et al. Survey of unlicensed and off label drug use in pediatrics wards in European countries, BMJ 2000; 320 (7227): 79.
Bush C.: When your subject is a child, Applied Clinical Trials 1997; 6 (5): 54.
Gupta A, Waldhauser LK.: Adverse drug reactions from birth to childhood, Pediatric Clinics of North America 1997; 44 (1): 79.
The European Agency for the Evaluation on Medicinal Products: Note for guidance on clinical investigation of medicinal products in children, 1997.
U.S. Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act, 2001 http://www.fda.gov/opacom/laws/pharmkids/contents.html
Cesi A, Felisi M, Catapano M, Baiardi P, Cipolina L: Ravela S, et al. Medicines for children licensed by the European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products, Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2002; 58(8): 495.
Lundberg V, Tolonen H, Stegmayr B, Kuulasmaa K, Asplund K, WHO MONICA Project. Use of oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy in the WHO MONICA Project, Maturitas 2004; 48 (1): 39.
World fertility report 2003, New York: United Nations, Department of Economics and Social Affairs, Population Division; 2004, Report No.: ESA/P/WP.189.
Diggle GE.: Thalidomide: 40 years on. Int J Clin Pract 2001; 55 (9): 627.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2005 Medical Journal of the Rzeszow University
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Our open access policy is in accordance with the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI) definition: this means that articles have free availability on the public Internet, permitting any users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from having access to the Internet itself.
All articles are published with free open access under the CC-BY Creative Commons attribution license (the current version is CC-BY, version 4.0). If you submit your paper for publication by the Eur J Clin Exp Med, you agree to have the CC-BY license applied to your work. Under this Open Access license, you, as the author, agree that anyone may download and read the paper for free. In addition, the article may be reused and quoted provided that the original published version is cited. This facilitates freedom in re-use and also ensures that Eur J Clin Exp Med content can be mined without barriers for the research needs.
