Objective, quantitative methods of gait analysis in clinical practice
Keywords:
gait, pathological gait, gait analysis, optoelectronic systemAbstract
Normal human gait requires precise cooperation of neuromuscular and skeletal systems and constant control of central neural system (CNS) for minimal energy expenditure. Gait analysis is very important and commonly used tool in clinical practice for the evaluation of gait disorders in many diseases, in comparison to normal gait pattern. Gait analaysis consist of measurement, description and assessment of the parameters characterizing human locomotion. The aim of this article is to present and describe selected contemporary methods of quantitative gait analysis and their application in clinical practice. Human movement analysis, including gait assesment is very important part of patients clinical evaluation. Modern diagnostics methods used in movement and gait analysis in clinical practice are based on application of optoelectronic computer systems, wich allow for synchronized measurement and assessment of kinematic and kinetic parameters of human gait. The results of gait analysis using optoelectronic computer systems provide us with objective data for evaluation of gait pathology in many diseases in order to optimal therapy choice and assessment of its effectiveness. Modern methods of gait analysis are commonly used in therapy of children with CP, patients with CNS disorders and orthopaedics patients. Multifactor, quantitative and objective gait analysis methods allow for monitoring of therapy and rehabilitation results and progress.
Downloads
References
Winter D.A., The biomechanics and motor control of human gait: normal, elderly and pathological, University of Waterloo Press 1991.
Gage J., DeLuca P. i in., Gait analysis: Principles and applications. Emphasis on its use in cerebral palsy, J. Bone Jt Surg 1995.
Syczewska M., Chód w obrazie analizy laboratoryjnej, Ortopedia Traumatologia Rehabilitacja 2001; 3: 484–486.
DeLuca P., Gait analysis in the treatment of the ambulatory child with cerebral palsy, Clin Orthopaed 1991.
Syczewska M., Lebiedowski M., Kalinowska M., Analiza chodu w praktyce klinicznej [w:] Biomechanika i inżynieria rehabilitacyjna, red R. Będziński, Akademicka Oficyna Wydawnicza Exit 2004; 5: 351–366.
Gage J., The clinical use of kinetics for evaluation of pathological gait in cerebral palsy, J Bone Jt Surg 1994
Fish D.J., Nielsen J-P, Clinical assessment of human gait, J Prosthetics& Orthotics, 1993.
Dec J. B., Saunders M., Inman V.T., Eberhart H.D., The major determinants in normal and pathological gait, Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 1953.
Bresler B., Frankel J., The forces and moments in the leg during level walking, Transactions of the ASME, 1950.
Charles, Robert, Jean & Pierre Ducroquet: Walking and Limping: A study of Normal and Pathological Walking, JB Lipincott Co., 1965.
Lamoreux L.W., Kinematic Measurements in the Study of Human Walking, Bul. Prosth. Res., 1971.
Perry J., Gait analysis: normal and pathological function. SLACK Incorporated, 1992.
Sutherland D.H. i in., The development of mature gait, Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 1980
Sutherland D.H., Olshen R.A., Biden E.N., Wyatt, M.P., The development of mature walking, J.B. Lippincott, 1988.
Gage J., Gait analysis in cerebral palsy, Mac Keith Press 1991.
Becher J., Pediatric rehabilitation in children with cerebral palsy: general management, classification of motor disorders, JPO Journal of Prosthetics & Orthotics 2002; 14,4: 143–149.
Rodriquez AA Black PO et al., Gait training efficacy using a home-based practice model in chronic hemiplegia, Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1996; 77:801–805.
Harris G.F., Wertsch J.J.: Procedures for gait analysis, Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1994; 75:216–25.
Gluck J. i wsp., Metodyka badań naukowych w rehabilitacji neurologicznej, Przegląd Medyczny Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego 2008; 3: 214–219.
Płaszewski M., Praktyka oparta na dowodach – zasady i kierunki rozwoju Evidence Based Practice w fizjoterapii, Rehabilitacja Medyczna 2006; 10 (1): 9–14.
Perry J., Garrett M., Gronley JK., Mulroy SJ., Classification of walking handicap in the stroke population, Stroke 1995; 26: 982–989.
Olney SJ., Richards CL., Hemiparetic gait following stroke, part I: characteristics, Gait Posture1996; 4: 136–148.
Perron M., Malouin F., Moffet H., McFadyen B.F., Three-dimensional gait analysis in women with a total hip arthroplasty, Clinical Biomechanics 2000; 15: 504–515.
Mont M.A., Seyler TM., Ragland PS., Starr R., Erhart J, Bhave A., Gait Analysis of Patients with Resurfacing Hip Arthroplasty Compared with Hip Osteoarthritis and Standard Total Hip Arthroplasty, The Journal of Arthroplasty 2007; 22,1: 100–108.
Syczewska M., Święcicka A., Kalinowska M., Gaff K.: Zastosowanie ilościowej, obiektywnej analizy chodu do oceny doboru zaopatrzenia ortopedycznego u dzieci z mózgowym porażeniem dziecięcym (analiza chodu w doborze zaopatrzenia ortopedycznego w mpd), Fizjoterapia Polska 2006; 4,4: 298–30326. Jóźwiak M., Mózgowe porażenie dziecięce – postępy w diagnostyce i terapii, Ortopedia, Traumatologia, Rehabilitacja 2001; 3(4): 445–449.
Nowotny J., Czupryna K., Sołtys J., Ocena zaburzeń chodu u dzieci usprawnianych z powodu porażenia mózgowego, Fizjoterapia Polska 2003; 3, (2): 189–196.
Mirek E., Rudzińska M., Szczudlik A., Ocena zaburzeń chodu u chorych na chorobę Parkinsona za pomocą trójwymiarowej analizy ruchu systemem Vicon, Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska 2007; 41,2: 128–133.
Rutowicz B., Chwała W., Mirek E., Wybrane wyznaczniki chodu w obrębie miednicy u chorych z chorobą Parkinsona usprawnianych metodą PNF, Przegląd Medyczny Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego 2005; 1: 17–22.
Ogrodzka K, Chwała W., Niedźwiedzki T., Trójwymiarowy schemat pracy kolana u osób ze zmianami zwyrodnieniowymi stawów kolanowych, Ortopedia, traumatologia, rehabilitacja 2007; 9,(6): 605–614.
McGinley JL., Baker R., Wolfe R., Morris ME., The reliability of three-dimensional kinematic gait measurements: A systematic review, Gait & Posture 2009; 29,3: 360–369.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2009 Medical Journal of the Rzeszow University
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Our open access policy is in accordance with the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI) definition: this means that articles have free availability on the public Internet, permitting any users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from having access to the Internet itself.
All articles are published with free open access under the CC-BY Creative Commons attribution license (the current version is CC-BY, version 4.0). If you submit your paper for publication by the Eur J Clin Exp Med, you agree to have the CC-BY license applied to your work. Under this Open Access license, you, as the author, agree that anyone may download and read the paper for free. In addition, the article may be reused and quoted provided that the original published version is cited. This facilitates freedom in re-use and also ensures that Eur J Clin Exp Med content can be mined without barriers for the research needs.
