Changeableness of selected characteristics of the head in the Rzeszów children and adolescents aged 4 to 18 in during a 35-year period
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15584/ejcem.2017.3.5Keywords:
time changes, children and adolescents, head indices, head circumferenceAbstract
Introduction. Over the past decades, anthropometric studies have focused more on secular changes in body height and weight, and less on changes in head features. Meanwhile, changing socio-economic conditions, especially the nutritional status of the human population, support the need to document some of the metric head features in children and adolescents.
Aim. The aim of this study was to determine whether there has been changes over time in the morphological development of the head with respect to socio-economic conditions at the turn of the last century on sample population of children and adolescents from Rzeszów.
Material and methods. In the years 1978/79, 1993/94, 2003/04 and 2013/14, a total of 9041 Rzeszów children aged 4 to 18 were examined. Anthropometric measurements were based on a technique developed by Martin and Saller. The following features were taken into account: head length and width, morphological face height, maximum face width, nose height and width, and head circumference. The relevant head, face and nose indices were calculated from the measured data. New indices for head circumference have also been proposed.
Results. Such changes as head elongation, shortening of morphological face and nose height, and widening of the nose from hyperleptorrhinus to leptorrhinus were found in both sexes.
Conclusion. During the past 35 years there have been noticeable changes in the morphological characteristics of the head, face and nose. Further follow-up to the development of head features is recommended.
Downloads
References
Hennenberg M. The influence of natural selection on brachycephalizacion in Poland. Studial in Physical Anthropology. 1976;2:3-19.
Hennenberg M, Piontek J, Strzałko J. Dobór naturalny a zmienność morfologiczna w Europie od neolitu do współczesności. Badania populacji ludzkich na materiałach współczesnych i historycznych. Seria Antropologia. Poznań; UAM:1976;4:19-32.
Piontek J. Procesy mikroewolucyjne w europejskich populacjach ludzkich. Seria Antropologia. Poznań; UAM:1979;6.
Kozak W. Proces brachycefalizacji na terenie ziem Polski w okresie feudalnym. Prz Antrop. 1995;58:69-88.
Czekanowski J. Człowiek w czasie i w przestrzeni. Warszawa: Trzaska-Evart-Michalski;1938.
Łazarkiewicz W. Zmienność wybranych cech antropometrycznych czaszek ludzkich od neolitu do współczesności. Warszawa: Ossolineum;1980.
Wolański N. Rozwój biologiczny człowieka. Warszawa: PWN;2005.
Wolański N. Metody kontroli i normy rozwoju dzieci i młodzieży. Warszawa: PZWL; 1975:341-342.
Malinowski A, Bożiłow W. Podstawy antropometrii. Metody, techniki, normy. Warszawa, Łódź: PWN;1997.
Radochońska A, Perenc L. Changeableness of selected morphological characteristics of head in the Rzeszow children and adolescents aged 3 to 18 in 25-year period. Prz Med Uniw Rzesz. 2008;2:142-155.
Perenc L, Radochońska A, Błajda J. Development of body adiposity In children and adolescents from Rzeszow and its variability over 35 years. Med Rev. 2016;1:27-47.
Perenc L, Radochońska A, Błajda J. Somatic growth in children and adolescents from Rzeszow, aged 4-18, and its variability over the thirty-five year period from 1978/79 to 2013/14. Med Rev. 2016;3:244-265.
Stolarczyk H. Budowa ciała mieszkańców Cyrenajki. Studia Afrykanistyczne. Acta Anthrop Lodz. 1965;10:5-26.
Kołodziejczyk H, Wierzbicka E. Assessment of the somatic development in adolescents with type 1 diabetes based on anthropometric parameters with reference to the peer population. Endokrynol Pediatr. 2013;4,45:19-28.
Palczewska I, Niedźwiedzka Z. Wskaźniki rozwoju somatycznego dzieci i młodzieży warszawskiej. Med Wieku Rozw. 2001;1:17-118.
Zafirova B, Todorovska U. Anthropométrie parameters of growth and nutritional
status in children aged 6 to 7 years in Republic of Macedonia. Adv Med Sci. 2009;2:289-295.
Neyzi O, Bundak R, Gokcay G, et al. Reference Values for Weight, Height, Head Circumference, and Body Mass Index in Turkish Children. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2015;4:280-293.
Schienkiewitz A, Schaffrath Rosario A, et al. German head circumference references for infants, children and adolescents in comparison with currently used national and international references. Acta Paediatr. 2011;100:28–33.
Nowak M. Development of cephalometric parameters and the proportions of the head in the population of rural children and youth aged 6–19 years from the Podkarpacie region. Prz Med Uniw Rzesz Inst Leków 2011;4:486-503.
Cēderštrēma Z, Vētra J, Duļevska I. Changes in the head growth – one of the parameters of the morphological status in the study of Riga schoolboys from 2005–2007. Pap Anthr. 2009;18:76–82.
Akinbami BO. Measurement of Cephalic Indices in Older Children and Adolescents of a Nigerian Population. BioMed Research International 2014;Article ID 527473:1-5.
Fawehinmi HB, Ligha AE. Subnasale to Gnathion Distance and Nasal Index of Children with Homozygous Sickle Cell Disease in Port-Harcourt. Eur J Gen Med. 2010;2:197-202.
Oginska A, Vētra J, Pilmane M. Latvian infants’ cephalic index change during the first year of life. Pap Anthr. 2007;16:198-209.
Weisensee KE, Jantz RL. An Examination of the Differential Effects of the Modern
Epidemiological Transition on Cranial Morphology in the United States and Portugal. HB. 2016;1:30-37.
Yeung ChYCh, McGrath CP, Wong RWK, et al. Frontal facial proportions of 12-year-old southern Chinese: a photogrammetric study. Head Face Med. 2015;11,26:1-6.
Kollara L, Perry JL, Hudson Racial S. Variations in Velopharyngeal and Craniometric Morphology in Children An Imaging Study. J Speech Lang and Hear R. 2016;59:27–38.
Roth G, Dicke U. Evolution of the brain and intelligence. TRENDS Cogn Sci. 2005;5:250-257.
Kara B, Etiler N, Aydoğan Uncuoğlu A, et al. Head Circumference Charts for Turkish Children Aged Five to Eighteen Years. Arch Neuropsychiatr. 2016;55:55-62.
Książeczka Zdrowia Dziecka. Ministerstwo Zdrowia. Zgodna ze wzorem Rozporządzenia Ministra Zdrowia z 9 listopada 2015 r., załącznik 6.
Durán P, Merker A, Briceño G, et al. Colombian reference growth curves for height, weight, body mass index and head circumference. Acta Paediatr. 2016;105:116–125.
Júlíusson P, Roelants M, Nordal E, et al. Growth references for 0-19-year-old Norwegian children for length/height, weight, body mass index and head circumference. Ann Hum Biol. 2013;3:220–227.
Štefánkowá E, Horn F, Neščáková E, et al. Anthropometry in children with craniosynostosis. Czech-Slov Pediatr. 2015;1:70.
Musa MA, Zagga AD, Danfulani M, et al. Cranial index of children with normal and abnormal brain development in Sokoto, Nigeria: A comparative study. J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2014(2):139-143.
Pedersen M, von Stedingk H, Botsivali M, et al. Birth Weight, Head Circumference, and Prenatal Exposure to Acrylamide from Maternal Diet: The European Prospective Mother–Child Study (NewGeneris). Environ Health Persp. 2012;12:1740-1745.
Gurzkowska B, Kułaga Z, Litwin M, et al. The relationship between selected socioeconomic factors and basic anthropometric parameters of school-aged children and adolescents in Poland. Eur J Pediatr. 2014;173:45-52.
Poniewierka E, Poniewierka A, Jasiński R. Selected anthropometric indicators in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterol Pol. 2008;6:385-389.
Sanna E, Palmas L. Changes in body and head dimensions in urban Sardinian children (3–5 years) from 1986 to 2001. Ann Hum Biol. 2003;3:295-303.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2017 European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Our open access policy is in accordance with the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI) definition: this means that articles have free availability on the public Internet, permitting any users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from having access to the Internet itself.
All articles are published with free open access under the CC-BY Creative Commons attribution license (the current version is CC-BY, version 4.0). If you submit your paper for publication by the Eur J Clin Exp Med, you agree to have the CC-BY license applied to your work. Under this Open Access license, you, as the author, agree that anyone may download and read the paper for free. In addition, the article may be reused and quoted provided that the original published version is cited. This facilitates freedom in re-use and also ensures that Eur J Clin Exp Med content can be mined without barriers for the research needs.
