Use of drones in the monitoring of the European pond turtle Emys orbicularis in habitats of the Poleski National Park (Poland)

Abstract

The study tested the suitability of consumer drones for monitoring the abundance of the European pond turtle Emys orbicularis, an endangered species whose reliable monitoring is crucial for active species conservation. The widely available semi-professional DJI Mavic Air2 model was used, as it can be used to obtain 48 Mpix images or 4K videos. Until now, the species has been monitored visually with binoculars, but this method only works well in specific habitats, such as ponds and drainage ditches. It has been shown that the best method in inaccessible habitats, such as tall rushes, sedges, etc., is to plan a drone flight along a specific trajectory and take a series of photos. In addition, the size of the area can be accurately assessed, and animal density can be calculated. The research is essential for retardation of negative changes in the state of biodiversity in Poland.