Exclusion of a judge as a guarantee of judicial independence in the light of the Polish Code of Civil Procedure and acts of international law

Abstract

The aim of the article is to analyze the institution of exclusion of a judge in the Polish Code of Civil Procedure and in some acts of international law. Judicial independence is an inseparable element of the judiciary and the status of a judge. The exclusion of a judge is intended to ensure objectivity of judgments. This institution is characteristic of the European judicial system. Currently, there are attempts to standardize its application at the international level.