Project LARD (Looking for Alternative Responsible Decisions) as a way to present selected elements of sustainable development

Authors

  • Joanna Kostecka Department of the Basis of Agriculture and Waste Management, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Land Management and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Technology and Life Sciences, University of Rzeszów https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-3685
  • Ariadna Lopez Mijas Environmental Protection Erasmus+ student at University Rzeszów, from University of Granada, Spain
  • Paweł Łuka Department of Economics and Management, Faculty of Economics and Finance, University of Rzeszów https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9573-6202

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15584/pjsd.2026.30.1.7

Keywords:

sustainable development, active education, LARD project, responsible decision-making, ecosystem services, biodiversity loss

Abstract

People need knowledge of how to integrate the concept of sustainable development into their daily lives. It is important for them to make informed decisions and responsibly choose solutions to the problems around them in order to reduce human impact and, consequently, generate environmental, social, and economic benefits.

The aim of this article was to present the use of the original LARD project to develop awareness of the interconnections among the natural, social, and economic dimensions of sustainable development among Erasmus students in Poland. Using the LARD project concept, a Spanish student identified and discussed one of the key challenges: people's understanding of the value of mature trees' ecosystem services in the context of the links among natural, social, and economic outcomes.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

European Commission. (2020). Communication From The Commission To The European Parliament, The Council, The European Economic And Social Committee And The Committee Of The Regions. A new circular economy action plan for a cleaner and more competitive Europe. (COM/2020?98 final). EUR-Lex – 52020DC0098 – EN – EUR-Lex

FAO. (2022). The State of the World’s Forests 2022. Forest pathways for green recovery and building inclusive, resilient and sustainable economies. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb9360en

Hooper D.U., Chapin III F.S., Ewel J. J., Hector A., Inchausti P., Lavorel S., Lawton J. H., Lodge D. M., Loreau M., Naeem S., Schmid B., Setälä H., Symstad A. J., Vandermeer J., & Wardle D.A. (2005). Effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning: A consensus of current knowledge. Ecological Monographs. 75(1). 3-35.

Huang I.B., Keisler J., Linkov I. (2011). Multi-criteria decision analysis in environmental sciences. Environmental Science & Technology. 45(13). 5068-5074.

IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). (2023). Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team, H. Lee and J. Romero (eds.)]. IPCC. Geneva. Switzerland. 1-34. doi: 10.59327/IPCC/AR6-9789291691647.001

Kostecka J., Piersiak A., Pawlak R. (2015). Edukacja dla zrównoważonego rozwoju - program KOS. Polish Journal for Sustainable Development. 19. 71-76. DOI: 10.15584/pjsd.2015.19.8

Leitão F. O., de Sousa Martins T., Guarnieri P., Ouro-Salim O. (2023). Transition from linear to circular economy. Business Strategy & Development. 6(3). 430-446. DOI: 10.1002/bsd2.238

Ley 42/2007, de 13 de diciembre. del Patrimonio Natural y de la Biodiversidad (2007). Boletin Oficial del Estado, núm. 299. 51275- 51327. BOE-A-2007-21490. https://www.boe.es/eli/es/l/2007/12/13/42/con

Long E. M. (2024). The Global Issues of Loneliness and Social Connectedness. JAMDA. 25(9). 1467-1473. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2024.05.002

Lutz J. A., Furniss T. J., Johnson D. J., Davies S. J., Allen D., Alonso A., Zimmerman J. K. (2022). Global importance of large-diameter trees. Environmental Chemistry Letters. 20. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-021-01372-y

Luyssaert S., Schulze E.-D., Börner A., Knohl A., Hessenmöller D., Law B. E., Ciais P., Grace J. (2008). Old-growth forests as global carbon sinks. Nature. 455. 213-215.

Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. (2005). Ecosystems and Human Well-being. 49. https://www.millenniumassessment.org/documents/document.356.aspx.pdf

Nowak M. A., Tarnita C. E., Wilson E. O. (2010). The evolution of eusociality. Nature. 466. 1057-1062. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20740005

OECD. (2021). Building resilience: New strategies for stronger societies.15.21. https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2021/11/building-resilience_ 6b655137/354aa2aa-en.pdf.

One More Tree Foundation. (2025). The Role of Old Trees in Ecosystems: Archives of Life and Time. https://one-more-tree.org/blog/2025/05/02/the-role-of-old-trees-in-ecosystems-archives-of-life-and-time

Pan Y., Birdsey R. A., Fang J., Houghton R., Kauppi P. E., Kurz W. A., Phillips O. L., Shvidenko A., Lewis S. L., Canadell J. G., Ciais P., Jackson R. B., Pacala S. W., McGuire A. D., Piao S., Rautiainen A., Sitch S., & Hayes, D. (2011). A large and persistent carbon sink in the world’s forests. Science. 333(6045). 988-993. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21764754/

Rozenbajger N., Kostecka J. (2012). Edukacja dla zrównoważonego rozwoju - program WARTA („Wiedzieć Aby Rozumnie Działać – Twoim Atutem”). Zesz. Nauk. Poł.-Wsch. Oddziału PTIE i PTG w Rzeszowie. 15. 81-88.

Ruiz de Zarobe Y. 2025. Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL). Cambridge University Press.

Sadiq M., Fadel M. E., Mezher T., Mayyas A. (2025). Interconnectedness of economic growth and environmental sustainabilityEnergy. Sustainability and Society. 15(1). 43-57.

Sierra J., Suárez-Collado Á. (2021). Understanding economic, social, and environmental sustainability challenges. Sustainability. 13(13). 7201-7214.

Stephenson N. L., Das A. J., Condit R., Russo S. E., Baker P. J., Beckman N. G., Coomes D. A., Lines E. R., Morris W. K., Rüger N., Álvarez E., Blundo C., Bunyavejchewin S., Chuyong G., Davies S. J., Duque Á., Ewango C. N., Flores O., Franklin J. F., Zavala, M. A. (2014). Rate of tree carbon accumulation increases continuously with tree size. Nature. Mar 6.507(7490). 90-3. https://www.nature.com/articles/nature12914

TEEB. (2010). The economics of ecosystems and biodiversity: Ecological and economic foundations. Earthscan. 7.21 https://translate.google.com/translate?u= https://www.researchgate.net/publication/241766886_The_Economics_of_Ecosystems_and_Biodiversity_Ecological_and_Economic_Foundations&hl=es&sl=en&tl=es&client=search.

Thoresen V. W., Jégou F., Manzini E., Girardi S., Cipolla C. (2008). LOLA (Looking for Likely Alternatives). https://www.strategicdesignscenarios.net/wp-content/uploads/ 2012/05/PERL_ LOLA_Looking-for-Likely-Alternatives.pdf

Jégou F., Thoresen V. W., Manzini E. (2026). The LOLA Brochure. https://www.strategic design scenarios.net/the-lola-brochure/

United Nations. (2015). Transforming our world: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. 17.13-14. https://sdgs.un.org/publications/transforming-our-world-2030-agenda-sustainable-development-17981

Ustawa z dnia 16 kwietnia 2004 r. o ochronie przyrody (2004). Dz. U. z 2026 r., poz. 13.

Downloads

Published

2026-06-30

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 3 4 5 > >>