Ocena efektywności regionalnych systemów innowacji w Europie: podejście DEA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15584/nsawg.2025.1.8Słowa kluczowe:
regionalne systemy innowacyjne, efektywność, Europa, DEAAbstrakt
Od wielu lat regionalne systemy innowacji w Europie są badane i porównywane ze sobą w ramach Regional Innovation Scoreboard. Ma ona jednak szereg wad, np. podejście łączące nakłady i wyniki, które nie odpowiada oczekiwaniom społecznym, ponieważ w erze wszechstronnej ekonomizacji to wyniki działalności są ważniejsze niż potencjał zawarty w nakładach. Dlatego w naszym badaniu skupiliśmy się na podejściu mającym na celu maksymalizację wyników osiąganych przez regionalne systemy innowacji. Wyniki badania wskazały, że nawet biorąc pod uwagę negatywne skutki środowiskowe, zdecydowana większość regionalnych systemów innowacji wykazuje się efektywnością. Wykazaliśmy, że chociaż badana grupa regionalnych systemów innowacji jest wysoce wydajna, nasze badania wskazują, że w dłuższej perspektywie wąska klasyfikacja na cztery grupy innowacji zgodnie z metodologią Regional Innovation Scoreboard jest coraz mniej użyteczna, ponieważ następuje zmniejszenie liczby grup w wyniku „przesunięcia” jednostek do trzech głównych. Przedstawiliśmy również zalecenia dla regionalnej polityki innowacji UE dotyczące narzędzia Regional Innovation Scoreboard. Naszym zaleceniem jest wprowadzenie bardziej zróżnicowanych zmiennych do europejskiego badania i skupienie się bardziej na ocenie systemu innowacji z perspektywy uzyskanych wyników, a mniej na podejściu wejściowym.
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