Wynagrodzenia pracowników jako funkcja struktury sektorowej gospodarki
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15584/nsawg.2022.4.1Słowa kluczowe:
wynagrodzenia pracowników, gospodarka, determinanty, analiza wielopoziomowaAbstrakt
Wynagrodzenia pracowników są czynnikiem, który wyznacza kierunki rozwoju gospodarczego. Jednocześnie można stwierdzić, że struktura gospodarki wpływa na wynagrodzenia pracowników. Ze względu na znaczenie struktury gospodarki, celem artykułu jest zbadanie czynników struktury wpływających na wynagrodzenia w krajach członkowskich UE w latach 2013–2020. W szczególności zbadano znaczenie tradycyjnych i nowoczesnych struktur gospodarczych dla wynagrodzeń. W pracy zastosowano analizę wielopoziomową. Badania wykazały, że systematyczna transformacja gospodarki w kierunku nowoczesnych gałęzi kosztem tradycyjnych spowodowała wzrost wynagrodzeń. Jest to wynik alternatywny w stosunku do niektórych obserwacji literaturowych, gdzie często podkreśla się, że wykorzystanie robotyzacji i sztucznej inteligencji powoduje wzrost bezrobocia i spadek wynagrodzeń pracowników. Z drugiej strony, całkowite zastąpienie tradycyjnych sektorów jest niemożliwe ze względu na ich znaczenie. Stąd najwłaściwszym kierunkiem wydaje się być stopniowe zwiększanie efektywności w słabo rozwiniętych sektorach gospodarki, bez ich całkowitego porzucania.
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