Educational role of the shooting movement among school students the averages of autonomous Galicia in the early 20th century and the Second Polish Republic

Abstract

The introduction of the constitution in the Habsburg monarchy in 1867 and the adoption of new laws between 1868–1873 seriously affected the Austrian and Galician education system. In the Polish context, achieving Galicia’s autonomy had created wider opportunities for the development of education. An expression of this was the National School Council established in 1867, which will act as the supreme authority over Polish education. From the beginning of the establishment, the Council expressed interest in the issue of raising young people. It takes place through forms of extra-curricular education. These include court ceremonies, national ceremonies, school attire, scientific circles and interests, libraries, reading rooms, school council, orchestras, trips, helping poor students collect money for national and social purposes Education was also carried out as part of out-of-school activities in cooperation with institutions dealing with educational issues. Outside the school, the upbringing of youth took place during religious ceremonies, scouting activities, dormitories, the „Sokół” Gymnastic Society or the shooting movement. This last form played a special role in the development of national and patriotic values. It significantly contributed to the creation of Legions, and then in the independent reality of the Polish army.