An Educational Submarine Model for Studying the Phenomenon of Buoyancy in Early Childhood Education

Abstract

The article focuses on issues related to technical education in grades I–III of primary school, with a particular emphasis on methods based on the students active engagement (Syguła-Iwaniuk, 2026) and practical educational methods (Bereźnicki, 2011). Contemporary educational challenges require the development of technical and scientific competences at an early stage of education, therefore, introducing students of to the world of technology through experience and experimenta-tion. The most important feature of teachers’ competences is their complexity, manifested in the connection (integration) of theoretical knowledge, practical skills, personality traits and motivation (Walat, 2017, p. 71), which is of key importance for the effective design and implementation of didactic (educational) activities. The aim of the study is to present a didactic project involving the construction of submarine model, which allows to understand the phenomenon of buoyancy and the principles operations of ballast tanks. The article presents the theoretical foundations, the course of classes and their importance for the cognitive and social development of students. Atten-tion was drawn to the role of active learning methods in the teaching (educational) process and their impact on the effectiveness of knowledge acquisition.